After seventeen years of research he left Harvard and became joint director of Ledarl laboratory.

Subbarao found processing of medicines like Auromycin, Folic acid, Hetragen etc.,

The discovery of Folic acid helped a medical company to discover Vitamin B12. The medicines found by Subbarao helped the doctors to central Filriasis, a killer disease. Subbarao found one more medicine methotraxate which was effective in curing blood cancer.

Subbarao was instrumental in establishing a cancer research unit. But he didn’t live to see its completion. He died of heart failure at the age of 53.

Subbarao was not liking advertising of himself. He was not known to many Indians. His work was selfless. He worked in USA at the time when eminent scholars doctors didn’t allow Indians to do research in medicine.

“Subbarao – The scientist” a book was published somehow authored by S.P.K. Gupta in collaboration with Dr. Edgar L. Milford.

Paul studied at the university off Munich under the renowned Arnold Summerfield. He wrote a big essay on Einstein’s theory of relativity. Thereafter he worked with Neils Bohr in Copenhagen on possible improvements on the prevailing Bohr Summerfield structure of the atom.

Pauli was particular about the three parameters that specified in electron’s orbit. In addition there existed one more which he called the ‘Spin’ of the electron with this he proposed the exclusion principle.

Pauli called a new charge less particle of negligible mass which he predicted, as “neutrino” this particle was detected in 1956.

After the Second World War Pauli worked with Carl Jung in the investigation of the Parallels between analytical physiology and quantum physics.

Pauli had a deep insight into physics. He was nicknamed. “The whip of God”. He was an eloquent speaker. His personal life was in disorder. He had married a Sabaret singer. He was drinking heavily. Sometimes he was more philosophical. His mother had poisoned herself. He was a critic. Pauli died early.

Einstein read Paul’s 250 pages essay on the theory of relativity and wrote; “No one studying this nature, grandly conceived work could believe that the author is a man of twenty one”!.

These two American brothers made the world’s first flight near Kilty Hawk, New Castle, in a power driven, heavier than air machine, on 17 December 1903. The plane flew at a height of about 36 meter the flight lasted for 12 seconds.

Wilbur Wright made many flights up to a height of 91 meters but he died on My 20, 1912 at Dayton due to typhoid. Orville continued his work. He set up the Wright Aeronautical Laboratory in 1916 to enable to conduct research related to aero planes. During his life time he was able to see the flying speeds rise from 300m.ph to supersonic speed. He died on January 30, 1948 at his native. These brothers were the son of Milton Wright, a dergy man. It is he who gave them a toy which could fly up to the ceiling of the room. It was made of paper, bamboo and cork. Wright brothers were inspired by it and invented Aero plane.

Harvey was born on April 1, 1578 at Folkestone in England. His father Thomas Harvey was a rich merchant and a Mayor of the city. William Harvey attended the King’s school attached to the cathedral at Canterbury and he entered Gomille and Caius College, Cambridge in 1593 receiving the B.A. degree in 1597. He studied medicine at Padua University, Italy. After he received medical degree, he was admitted in 1607 as a fellow of Royal college of physicians and in 1609 he was assistant physician and then physician at St. Bartholomew’s hospital until 1643. King Charles I appointed him his personal physician. The king assisted in Harvey’s research by placing the deer in the parks at his disposal.

Harvey wrote a book on the circulation of blood. He died in 1657 due to Cardiac arrest.

Roentgen was born on March 22, 1845 at Lennep in Germany, while investigating the effect of cathode rays on a fluorescent screen he observed evidence of an invisible type of radiation of very short wave length which he called X-rays.

Roentgen was graduated from the polytechnic in Zurich and then the worked at the universities of Wurzberg and Strasbourg he became the professor of physics at the University of Gassen in Germany in 1888 he became professor and director of the physical institute at the University of Warzberg.

Apart from the discovery of X-rays Roengten also worked on specific heat of gases, compressibility of liquids and gases and electrical phenomenon in crystals.

Roentgen died on February 10, 1923 at Munich.

Sarabhai set up the space science and Technology centre near Thumba and an experimental Satellite communication Earth station at Ahmedabad. He kept himself busy with space programs. He had realized that study of cosmic rays would help in understanding terrestrial magnetism and the atmosphere, the nature of the sun and outer space.

Sarabhai popularized science. He was the recipient of many honours and awards. He died at an early age of 52.

Varaha Mihira was born in 499 AD. Into a family of Brahmins settled. Kapittha, a village near Ujjain. His father was Adityadasa who was worshipping the Sun god. He taught Mihira astrology.

Young Mihira once met Aryabhata, the great mathematician at Kusumapura (Pataliputra) and was inspired. He took up astrology as a lifetime pursuit. He approached the King Chandra Gupta Vikramaditya. Varahamihira was one of the nine gems of Vikramaditya’s court.

Varahamihira was a scientist. His theories are
(1) Earth is spherical.
(2) Some force id keeping bodies stuck to the round earth.
(3) Plants and termites serve as indicators of underwater.
VarahaMihira’s treatises such as Pancha Siddhantika, Brihat Samhita and Brihajjataka are great treasures of knowledge.

Tycho extensively, traveled in Europe meeting astronomers. Wilhelm IV had built an observatory on a tower in a castle in Germany. It so happened while Wilhelm devoted to astronomy saw a star with Tycho Bruhe. His house was on the fire and was going up in flames.

Later Tycho Brahe built a fortress on Hveen. He was the highest paid man in Denmark. King Frederick II had offered him an entire island Hveen between Copenhagen and the Elsinore castle. The basement of the fortress contained printing press and furnace. He had one underground observatory. King was fond of him.

Tycho was the first to use devices like Sextants and Quadrants to observe Celestial bodies. His observations about the comet of 1577 and a supernova also called Tycho’s Star of 1572 corrected many of the false ideas of that time. He determined the positions of 777 celestial bodies and data of their movements he collected.

Tycho Brahe died in 1601.

Thomas Alva Edison was born at Milan, USA. As a boy he was weak. He was taught by his mother. Initially he planned to print a newspaper. He set up his press in the train. It had a circulation of about 400 called Grand Trunk Herald. Somehow he met with an accident that made him deaf. Edison found his scientific apparatus burnt due to fire in the train. He was taught telegraphy. He learnt and patented. Once he sold his telegraph apparatus and got money. He set up his laboratory at Menlo park. He developed many items. He moved to a larger laboratory in 1887 in West orange, New Jersey. He invented earlier typewriter and electric pen. In 1889 he built a motion picture camera.

Edison was telling: Genius is one percent inspiration ninety nine percent perspiration.

Edison died in New Jersy on Oct 18, 1931. He missed the Nobel award for his work in electrical generation and supply along with Tesla. But Tesla did not like his name to be linked with his name.

Thomson found that negative rays are electrical particles in the crooke’s tube. The electrical particles were called electrons. Thomson was called the father of the electron. He was awarded Nobel prize in 1906 for the discovery of electron. His discovery opened the field of subatomic particles. In 1985 he began to investigate the mysterious rays coming from Cathode called Cathode rays when electricity was passed through vaccum in a glass tube. By measuring the deflections of Cathode rays when they were passed between charged metal plates he could determine they were negatively charged could determine they were negatively charged particles now called ‘electrons’ He also discovered ISOTOPES 20 NC and 22 NC which enabled the invention of mass spectrograph.

Thomson was instrumental in building up the Cavendish Laboratory as a great experimental research school. When the first world war ended Thomson retired from the duties of the laboratory and became the head of Trinity college. Rutherford, his student chaired Cavendish Laboratory.

Thomson was instrumental in building up the Cavendish Laboratory as a great experimental research school. When the first world war ended Thomson retired from the duties of the laboratory and became the head of Trinity college. Rutherford, his student chaired Cavendish Laboratory.

Thomson had married Rose Peget. They had a son George Peget Thomson who won Nobel prize in 1937 for discovery of diffraction of electrons by crystals. Thomson was happy. He died in 1940.